This scenario has been developed by Martin Soilleux-Cardwell.

Orders of Battle:

Piedmontese:

• Army Commander King Victor Emanuele II of Savoy (Monarch)

Army Reserve Artillery

• Res Heavy Artillery Btn               M5 [ ][ ][ ] sb-hv

1st Division Lt. Gen Durando DC, Ex=10 (9430 inf, 410 cav)

• 1st Regt Granatieri di Sardegna       M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 2nd Regt Granatieri di Sardegna       M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 3rd Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• 1st Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 2nd Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 4th Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• Regt Cavalleggeri Alessandria         M5 [s] lt
• 1/Heavy Artillery Bty                 M5 [ ] sb-hv
• 1/Field Artillery Btn                 M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division Lt. Gen Fanti DC, Ex=10 (9600 inf, 351 cav)

• 3rd Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 4th Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 9th Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• 5th Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 6th Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 1st Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• Regt Cavalleggeri Aosta               M6 [s] lt-lncr
• 2/Heavy Artillery Bty                 M5 [ ] sb-hv
• 2/Field Artillery Btn                 M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

3rd Division Lt. Gen Mollard DC, Ex=10 (8999 inf, 389 cav)

• 7th Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 8th Line Reg                          M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 10th Bersaglieri Btn                  M5 [ss]
• 13th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 14th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 2nd Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• Regt Cavalleggeri Monferrato          M5 [s] lt
• 3/Heavy Artillery Bty                 M5 [ ] sb-hv
• 3/Field Artillery Btn                 M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

4th Division Brig Gen Cialdini DC, Ex=12 (10927 inf, 400 cav)

• 9th Line Regt                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 10th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 7th Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• 15th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 16th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 6th Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• Regt Cavalleggeri Novara              M5 [s] lt-lncr
• 4/Field Artillery Btn                 M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

5th Division Lt. Gen Cucchiari DC, Ex=10 (9512 inf, 412 cav)

• 11th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 12th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 8th Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• 17th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 18th Line Regt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ] ne
• 5th Bersaglieri Btn                   M5 [ss]
• Regt Cavalleggeri Saluzzo             M5 [s] lt
• 5/Heavy Artillery Bty                 M5 [ ] sb-hv
• 5/Field Artillery Btn                 M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

Cavalry Division Lt. Gen di Sambuy DC, Ex=2 (2079)

• Hvy Horse Regts Nizza and Savoia      M5 [ ][ ] hv-lncr
• Hvy Horse R. Piemonte Reale & Genova  M5 [ ][ ] hv-lncr
• Horse Artillery Btn                   M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

Notes

1. All line and grenadier regts are armed with the M1844 smooth-bore musket.
2. The Bersaglieri are armed with the M1856 Minie rifle musket.
3. The only units rated M6 are the two grenadier regts in 1st Div and the Aosta cavalry in 2nd Div. The rest of the army is M5.

French:

• Army Commander votre Majestie l'Empereur Napoleon III (Monarch)

Corps Troops

• Gd Reserve Artillerie a Pied          M6 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• Gd Reserve Artillerie a Cheval        M6 [ ][ ] rml-fld (hse)

1er Division, Genl de Div Mellinet DC, Ex=8 (6313)

• Zouaves de la Garde                   M6 [s][s]*
• 1er Grenadiers                        M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 2e Grenadiers                         M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 3e Grenadiers                         M6 [ ][ ][ ]*
• Grenadier Division Artillerie a Pied  M6 [ ][ ] rml-fld

2e Division, Genl de Div Camou DC, Ex=9 (7709)

• Chasseurs de la Garde                 M6 [ss][ss]
• 1er Voltigeurs                        M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 2e Voltigeurs                         M6 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 3e Voltigeurs                         M6 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 4e Voltigeurs                         M6 [ ][ ][ ]*
• Voltigeur Division Artillerie a Pied  M6 [ ][ ] rml-fld

Division a Cheval de la Garde, Genl de Div Morris DC, Ex= 4 (3259)

• 1er & 2e Gd Cuirassiers               M6 [ ][ ] hv
• Empress Gd Dragoons & Gd Lancers      M6 [ ][ ] md
• Gd Chasseurs a Cheval & Gd Guides     M6 [s][s] lt
• Garde Artillerie a Cheval             M6 [ ][ ] rml-fld (hse)

Corps Troops

• 1/1er Reserve Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• 1/2e Reserve Artillerie a Pied        M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1er Division, Gen de Div Forey DC, Ex=7 (6602)

• 17e Chasseurs                         M6 [ss]
• 74e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 84e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 91er Ligne                            M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 98e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 1/1er Division Artillerie a Pied      M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

2e Division, Gen de Div Ladmirault DC, Ex=7 (6968)

• 10e Chasseurs                         M6 [ss][ss]
• 15e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 21er Ligne                            M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 61er Ligne                            M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 100e Ligne                            M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 1/2e Division Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

3e Division, Gen de Div Bazaine DC, Ex=9 (8307)

• 1er Zouaves                           M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 33e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 34e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 37e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 78e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 1/3e Division Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

Division a Cheval, Gen de Div Desvaux DC, Ex=3 (2457)

• 5e Hussars & 1er Chasseurs d'Afrique  M6 [s][s] lt
• 2e & 3e Chasseurs d'Afrique           M6 [s][s][s] lt
• 1/Artillerie a Cheval                 M6 [ ] rml-fld (hse)

Corps Troops

• 4e & 7e Chasseurs a Cheval (1347)     M5 [s][s][s] lt
• 2/1er Reserve Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• 2/2e Reserve Artillerie a Pied        M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1er Division, Gen de Div La Motterouge DC, Ex=8 (7902)

• 1er Turcos                            M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 45e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 65e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 70e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 2/1er Division Artillerie a Pied      M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

2e Division, Gen de Div Decaen DC, Ex=10 (8254)

• 11e Chasseurs                         M6 [ss]
• 71er Ligne                            M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 72e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 2e Zouaves                            M6 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 1er Regt Etranger (2 btns)            M6 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 2e Regt Etranger                      M6 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 2/2e Division Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

Corps Troops

• 3/1er Reserve Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• 3/2e Reserve Artillerie a Pied        M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1er Division, Gen de Div Renault DC, Ex=9 (8979)

• 8e Chasseurs                          M6 [ss][ss]
• 23e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 90e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 41er Ligne                            M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 56e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 3/1er Division Artillerie a Pied      M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

2e Division, Gen de Div Trochu DC, Ex=7 (6702)

• 19e Chasseurs                         M6 [ss]
• 43e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 44e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 64e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 88e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 3/2e Division Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

3e Division, Gen de Div Bourbaki DC, Ex=8 (7113)

• 18e Chasseurs                         M6 [ss]
• 11er Ligne                            M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 14e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 46e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 59e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 3/3e Division Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

Division a Cheval, Gen de Div Partouneaux DC, Ex=2 (1299)

• Composite Hussar & Lancer Brigade     M5 [s][s][s] lt-lncr (2e & 7e Hus, 1er & 4e Lncr)
• 3/Artillerie a Cheval                 M6 [ ] rml-fld (hse)

Corps Troops

• 2e & 10e Chasseurs a Cheval (986)     M5 [s][s] lt
• 4/1er Reserve Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• 4/2e Reserve Artillerie a Pied        M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1er Division, Gen de Div de Luzy DC, Ex=8 (7864)

• 5e Chasseurs                          M6 [ss][ss]
• 30e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
• 49e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 6e Ligne                              M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ]*
• 8e Ligne                              M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 4/1er Division Artillerie a Pied      M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

2e Division, Gen de Div Vinoy DC, Ex=7 (6915)

• 6e Chasseurs                          M6 [ss][ss]
• 52e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 73e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 85e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 86e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 4/2e Division Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

3e Division, Gen de Div de Failly DC, Ex=7 (7117)

• 15e Chasseurs                         M6 [ss][ss]
• 2e Ligne                              M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 53e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]*
• 55e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 76e Ligne                             M5 [ ][ ][ ]
• 4/3e Division Artillerie a Pied       M5 [ ][ ] rml-fld

French Notes:

1. All infantry are armed with the Minie rifle musket.
2. All field guns are rifles, all heavies are smooth-bores.
3. The Guard Zouaves are shock troops if they form up their 2 skirmish bases into a linear stand.
4. To inspire players to utilize the 'furia franchese' I have made the senior regiments in each division shock, as are all guard, zouave, turco and etranger regiments.

Austrians:

• Commander-in-Chief Emperor Franz Josef I (Monarch)

Army Troops

• 1st/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• 1st/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

Corps Troops

• 10th (Konig v.Preussen) Hussars       M5 [s][s] lt
• III/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• III/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• III/1 Reserve Horse Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld (hse)

1st Division, FML Schonberger, DC Ex=8

• 15th Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR58 Erzherzog Stephan                M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 13th Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR27 Leopold I                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• III/1 Division Field Artillery        M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division, FML Martini, DC Ex=11

• 2/2nd Ottocaner Grenze Regt           M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR5 Furst Liechtenstein               M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 23rd Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR14 Grossherzog von Hessen           M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 7th Jager Btn                         M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR49 Hess                             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• III/2 Division Field Artillery/1      M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld
• III/2 Division Field Artillery/2      M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

Corps Troops

• 12th (Konig Beider Scilien) Uhlans    M5 [s] lt-lncr
• IX/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery          M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• IX/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery          M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1st Division, FML Baron Handl, DC Ex=11

• 2/8th Gradiscaner Grenze              M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR19 Erzherzog Rudolph                M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 1/8th Gradiscaner Grenze              M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR40 Rossbach                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 16th Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR34 Prinz von Preussen               M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• IX/1 Division Field Artillery/1       M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld
• IX/1 Division Field Artillery/2       M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division, FML Graf Crenneville, DC Ex=8

• 4th Jager Btn                         M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR52 Erzherzog Franz Karl             M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• Titler Grenze Btn                     M5 [s][s] sb-ne
• IR8 Erzherzog Ludwig                  M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• IX/2 Division Field Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

Corps Troops

• 4th (Kaiser Franz Joseph) Uhlans      M5 [s] lt-lncr

1st Division, FML Schwarel, DC Ex=6

• IR37 Erzherzog Josef (1 btn)          M5 [ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 1/Wiener Freiwillige                  M5 [s][s] sb-ne
• IR35 Khevenhuller-Metsch              M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• XI/1 Division Field Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division, FML Baron v.Blomberg, DC Ex=7

• 2/5th Warasdiner Grenze               M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR9 Hartmann                          M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 21st Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR42 Konig von Hannover               M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• XI/2 Division Field Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

1st Army Reserve Cavalry Division (2,970 cav) FML Zedtwitz DC Ex=3

• 3rd & 11th Hussars                    M5 [s][s][s] lt
• 1st & 3rd Dragoons                    M5 [ ][ ][ ] md
• 1st/Cav Division Horse Artillery      M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld (hse)

Army Troops

• 2nd/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• 2nd/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

Corps Troops

• 12th (Haller) Hussars (part)          M5 [s] lt
• I/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery           M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• I/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery           M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1st Division, FML Graf Montenuovo, DC Ex=8

• 2nd Jager Btn                         M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR60 Prinz von Wassa                  M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 1st & 2nd Bns, 11th Grenze Regt       M5 [s][s] sb-ne
• IR29 Thun-Hohenstein                  M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• I/1 Division Field Artillery          M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division, FML Baron Stankovice, DC Ex=8

• 14th Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR48 Erzherzog Ernst                  M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 24th Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR16 Wernhardt                        M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• I/2 Division Field Artillery          M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld
• I/2 Division Horse Artillery          M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld (hse)

Corps Troops

• 12th Uhlans (part)                    M5 [s] lt-lncr
• V/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery           M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• V/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery           M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1st Division, FML Palffy, DC Ex=12

• 1/1st Liccaner Grenze                 M5 [s][s] sb-ne
• IR3 Erzherzog Karl                    M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 4/Kaiser Jager Regt                   M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR31 Culoz                            M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 2/3rd Oguliner Grenze                 M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR47 Kinsky                           M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• V/1 Division Field Artillery/1        M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld
• V/1 Division Field Artillery/2        M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division, FML Graf v.Sternberg, DC Ex=8

• 1/3rd Oguliner Grenze                 M5 [s][s] sb-ne
• IR32 Erzherzog Franz Ferd. d’Este     M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 6/Kaiser Jager Regt                   M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR21 Reishach                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• V/2 Division Field Artillery          M5 [ ] sb-fld

Corps Troops

• 1st (Kaiser FJ.) Hussars (part)       M6 [s] lt
• VII/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• VII/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• VII Reserve Horse Artillery           M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld (hse)

1st Division, FML Prinz v.Hesse, DC Ex=8

• 2/1st Liccaner (Kaiser FJ.) Grenze    M5 [s][s] sb-ne
• IR1 Kaiser                            M6 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 3/Kaiser Jager Regt                   M6 [ss][ss] r
• 1/4th Szluiner Grenze                 M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR54 Grueber                          M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• VII/1 Division Field Artillery        M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division, FML Chevalier de Lilia, DC Ex=8

• 19th Jager Btn                        M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR53 Erzherzog Leopold                M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 1/2nd Ottocaner Grenze Regt           M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR22 Wimpffen                         M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• VII/2 Division Field Artillery        M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

Corps Troops

• 1st (Kaiser FJ.) Hussars (part)       M6 [s] lt
• VIII/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery        M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv
• VIII/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery        M5 [ ][ ] sb-hv

1st Division, FML Berger, DC Ex=7

• 2/Kaiser Jager Regt                   M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR7 Prohaska                          M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 2/4th Szluiner Grenze                 M5 [s] sb-ne
• IR11 Kronprinz von Sachsen            M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• VIII/1 Division Field Artillery       M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld

2nd Division, FML Lang, DC Ex=13

• 5/Kaiser Jager Regt                   M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR17 Gustav                           M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 3rd Jager Btn                         M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR39 Infant von Portugal              M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• 9th Jager Btn                         M6 [ss][ss] r
• IR59 Erzherzog Reiner                 M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] r-efd
• IR9, IR27, IR18, IR19                 M5 [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] pt-ne-r-efd (depot btn of each regt)
• VIII/2 Division Horse Artillery/1     M5 [ ][ ][ ] sb-fld (hse)
• VIII/2 Division Horse Artillery/2     M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld (hse)

2nd Army Reserve Cavalry Division (2,600 cav) FML Graf Mensdorff DC Ex=3

• 5th & 6th Dragoons                    M5 [ ][ ][ ] md
• 1st (Count Civalart) Uhlans           M5 [s][s] lt-lncr
• 2nd/Cav Division Horse Artillery      M5 [ ][ ] sb-fld (hse)

Austrian Notes:

1. Most of the infantry is armed with the Lorenz rifle musket (0"/4"). The Grenze and Wiener Freiwillige are still smoothbore armed. Technically one third of the Austrian line regiments also still carried the smoothbore musket but I have chosen to make them all (apart from the Grenze/Wiener battalions) rifle-musket armed with EFD for two reasons. Due to the size and complexity of the game I decided that players would have plenty to think about without the extra chore of having to refer to the roster sheets constantly to remind themselves of who had a 2" range and who had 4". Secondly with the huge Austrian massed stands facing smaller Italian and French stands the firepower output per strength point for the Austrians is already reduced compared to that of their enemies.
2. I have given the Grenze the notation 'ne' for no elites. Normally this is irrelevant for skirmishers who don't stand in melee but with a few towns and works to defend I thought adding this in would show their reluctance to stand vs jagers. There are several accounts of jager units holding bravely in churchyards, etc in the 1859 campaign, but never Grenze who seem to wisely leave before it comes to gallant last stands.

Scenario Notes:

1.    Turn 1 is 7am on the centre and north tables, 8am on the south table. The battle ends at the end of the 9pm turn for a total of 15 turns. The French-Italians are the attackers.

2.    At 5pm there is a thunderstorm which brought much of the fighting on the southern half of the field to an end. From this turn onwards all infantry throw one less attack dice, whether shooting or in melee.

3.    The French decisively win if they capture Pozzolengo, Solferino and Guidizzolo and they exhaust at least 2/3rds of the Austrian commands (11 commands). They get a moderate victory if they capture 2 of the three named towns and exhaust the Austrians as above. The Austrians win by denying the French-Italian victory conditions. Historically the French took Solferino and Cavriana after a tough fight and a magnificent showing by La Garde. The Piedmontese got nowhere near Pozzolengo and in fact were on the defensive for much of the afternoon. Napoleon failed to get his fingertips on Guidizollo, but the Austrian resolve to continue the fight was broken (probably exhaustion in VB&G terms).

4.    The Austrians may begin the battle stationary.

5.    Limited Italian assault. Approximately half the Italian army saw no action in the battle. The Italian player may freely operate with up to 3 of his 6 divisions prior to midday. At midday he deploys his other three divisions in any of the western row of squares of the northern map. Thereafter he may release only 1 division per turn and must roll a 5 or 6 on a dice to release it. Only 1 attempt may be made to release any 1 division per turn.

6.    The maps. The area fought over was extensive and my maps suggest a playing area divided into three tables. The northern table involves the Piedmontese attack against San Martino and Pozzolengo defended by Benedek's VIII Corps. The centre table covers the attack by French 1st and Guard Corps against Solferino (held by Austrian V Corps) and 2nd Corps against Cavriana (Austrian 1st Corps). Austrian VII Corps reinforces this sector of the battlefield. The southern table represents French 3rd and 4th Corps against Austrian IX Corps defending Rebecco-Guidizzolo, reinforced by III and XI Corps. The three tables link together and the maps are gridded to show how they link up. The break between the north and centre tables is absolute as the Redone river is unfordable and this in fact was the boundary between the Italian and French armies. The centre and south tables are joined along open level terrain and some interaction of units is likely across this boundary. If you intend to fight the whole action in full scale you will need two 8 foot by 6 foot tables and one 8 foot by 4 foot (the longer sides running east-west). A gap of about four feet is recommended between tables to allow access to your miniature troops. The total map in full scale is 16 feet north to south and 11 feet east to west (excluding access gaps; add about 8 feet). If you fight in half scale you are facing a table 8 feet by 5 feet six inches - an ideal home table size.

7.    The northern action - "Benedek's Glory". The northern boundary is effectively the shore of Lake Garda (actually it runs in virtual grid row minus 1) and the Austrian held fortress of Pesheria is just off the north east corner of the map (in grid square M1, if the table was extended that far). The streams which drain northwards into Lake Garda widen towards their lower (northern) ends and run through fertile and closely farmed land. I have chosen to represent this difficult terrain north of the Milan-Verona railway line by showing these streams as unfordable and the streams that flow from I3 and J3 are marked as unfordable along their entire length due to the dominance of Pesheria's artillery and garrison whose very purpose is to bar and protect this part of the Lake Garda shore. For this reason both railway bridges in J2 are crossable only by Austrian troops. A few seconds study of the map will reveal how strong Benedek's fall-back position on the ridge of Pozzolengo was, with both flanks secure and a steep valley to his front. The Redona river which runs along the south edge of the northern map (you can just see loops of it in D6, G6, H6, J6, J5 and K5) is unfordable. All other streams are normal and fordable but the major east-west valley (D5-H5) and the southerly valley (F5-H5) have steep rocky sides and this contour is only crossable by skirmish order infantry, which it disorders and requires half a move to cross. I have shown these particularly difficult slopes with brown and sandy hatching. Note that this tactical trap should NOT be known to the Italian player until he reaches them (that is units first enter F6 and F5 respectively). Cavalry, formed troops and artillery may not cross these slopes. All woods are open. The village in G3 is San Martino and Pozzolengo is in I5. All roads which cross streams and rivers do so by bridges, as does the railway. The road crosses the railway at a level crossing.

Northern deployments: Benedek's VIII Corps may deploy anywhere in the squares F5-F4-G3 or east of here. Cucchiari's 5th Division begins the game deployed in D1, Fanti's 2nd Division deployed in D3 and Durando's 1st Division deployed in D5. The supporting Italian divisions may arrive anywhere on the west map edge according to the reinforcement schedule in paragraph 5 above.

8.    The centre map - "The Rock of Solferino". Key: Barche-C7, Solferino Tower-C9, Solferino-C8/C9, Casa Marino-C12, Cassiano-E10, Cavriana-G11. All woods are open. Sandy hatching depicts standing crops. The Redone River is unfordable (D7-G7, H7-J7) and crossable only at the Solferino-Lonato road bridge in D7. Other streams are normal and fordable. Note more steep slopes along the ridge E7-G7 (see paragraph 7 above for rules). Solferino Tower is represented by a village block. This was a tough position and any skirmisher defending it in melee gets an additional attack dice, for a total of 2 non-sharpshooter dice. Austrian V Corps begins the battle deployed anywhere in squares E8-E9. Austrian I Corps begins the battle deployed anywhere in F10-F11-G11 and in Cassiana (E10). All infantry and artillery units of I Corps which begin the game on high ground may be behind hasty works. Austrian 2nd Army Reserve Artillery begins the battle limbered in F9 and/or G9. Austrian VII Corps begins the battle in road column at the road junction in J10. It may move on the Austrian 8am turn. 2nd Army Reserve Cavalry enters behind VII Corps. French 1st Corps begins the battle deployed in any of squares C7-C8-C9. It's artillery may begin the battle unlimbered. The French Imperial Guard enters in square C9 on the 8am turn. French 2nd Corps enters the battle in squares C10 and/or C11 on the 9am turn.

9.    The southern map - "Wimpffen's Lost Opportunity". The river Chiese runs along the west edge of this sector of the battlefield, uncrossable except by the bridges in Medole (A13) and at A15. Open woods and standing crops are shown. Austrian IX Corps is deployed at the start of the action defending a line from Rebecco (D15) through Baste (D14) to square E13. III Corps arrives along the road in H16 in march column on the 9am turn, with XI Corps following it on the 10am turn. 1st Army Reserve Artillery may arrive with either corps. 1st Army Reserve Cavalry enters behind XI Corps. The town of Guidizollo itself is in F14. French 4th Corps attacks through the west edge of A1, via Medole at 8am. 3rd Corps follows it on from Castel Goffredo (A15) at 10am.

Maps:

Northern Map:

Central Map:

Southern Map:

Note on the maps.

My maps are by default fairly simple although all the major tactical features are present. I don't have access to a good contemporary topographical map. If anyone has one, please feel free to email me and let me know where I can obtain a copy.

Sources:

Wylly, Casali, Browne, Glover.

Note on Sources:

The above authors seem to agree well on the Italian and French order of battle. However the first three (the only ones worth consulting for details) all disagree on the Austrians. Sometimes in minor details (e.g. a transposition of Infantry Regiments 11 and 17 in VIII Corps) but Wylly and Browne seem to include the whole of the various Austrian corps and seem doubtful about the reserve artillery (1st Army 88 guns, 2nd 112). Casali on the other hand supplies individual division strengths and draws attention to detachments which reduced various corps, especially XI which had about a quarter of it's effectives and all it's corps guns absent. Casali shows the reserve artillery much weakened. As the Austrians had only just conducted a march back across the Mincio I assume Casali has uncovered facts which place the bulk of the Austrian reserve artillery park off the battlefield. If you wish to include it, it looks like this, but I suspect we will see a French defeat if it is employed in a refight:

Army Troops

• 1st/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][][] sb-hv
• 1st/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 1st/3 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 1st/4 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 1st/5 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 1st/6 Reserve Horse Artillery         M5 [][] sb-fld (hse)
• 1st/7 Reserve Horse Artillery         M5 [][] sb-fld (hse)

Army Troops

• 2nd/1 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][][] sb-hv
• 2nd/2 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 2nd/3 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 2nd/4 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 2nd/5 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 2nd/6 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 2nd/7 Reserve Heavy Artillery         M5 [][] sb-hv
• 2nd/8 Reserve Horse Artillery         M5 [][] sb-fld (hse)
• 2nd/9 Reserve Horse Artillery         M5 [][] sb-fld (hse)

If you do use it, place it at the rear of the reinforcing columns, with no DC. It must be commanded by either of 1st or 2nd Army Commander, or a Corps Commander of that army (the Kaiser Franz Josef command stand may not command these troops). This last restriction does not apply in the scenario above as the Austrian reserve artillery as shown is fairly modest.

There also seems to be disagreement about whether Zedtwitz' cavalry division was present. Feel free to leave it out if you wish.

[Return to the Volley & Bayonet Page]