Giovanni Tiso
Impossile
Recollections: The Troubled Imaginary of Mediated Memory
A thesis submitted to the
Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of Doctor of
Philosophy in English Literature
Victoria University of
Wellington, 2006
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This study is grounded in the belief that memory is one of the key areas
of contestation in the current debates about technology and society. Its
redefinition following the introduction of new technologies, the latest of
which is the digital computer, has generated a landscape of dreams and
anxieties that underlies complex attitudes towards which cultural products can
or cannot be committed to memory, and who can or cannot have access to them. On
the one hand, digitisation and the dissemination of information through
networks such as the World Wide Web offer an infrastructure that appears on the
verge of being able to make the sum of human knowledge available to all; on the
other, the realisation of the strains, both cultural and technological, which
are exerted upon this infrastructure gives way to visions of an impending
breakdown of our ability to preserve, let alone transfer, this knowledge.
These anxious imaginings are charted firstly along the axis that links
the extremes of total recall and equally total forgetfulness, with an emphasis
on the way in which these two narratives are played out against each other. A
further exploration leads from the resonant notion of digitally documented life
that informs so many current social practices to the idea that we might one day
be able to upload our minds onto computer networks, only to find in that
seemingly confident scenario another significant reservoir of anxiety, as well
as a prime instance of the binary logic of exclusion that governs the
construction and in part also our understanding of digital subjectivity. The
figure of the excluded, undocumented person introduces in the last chapter an
examination of the perceived threats to the functioning of collective memory
and to its ability to fulfil the duty of remembering and passing on the most
important events in our history. Finally, the study argues that the imaginary
of anxiety just explored should be viewed not solely as a conservative reaction
to social and technological change, but also as the means of grounding a more
inclusive understanding of a society that is significantly inhabited, but not
exhausted, by the digital.
INTRODUCTION
Alien Marks
Prosthetic Memories
Of Cyborgs and Butlers
CHAPTER
ONE – PLACES OF AMNESIA
Into a Digital Dark Age
Migration
Dissemination
Bouvard and Pécuchet in Cyberspace
Art in the Age of Digital Reproduction
Metaphors of Memory
The Soldier of the Mist
Winter Sleepers
Memento
Remember Sammy Jankis
www.otnemem.com
One Frame a Day
Noise
The Amnesia Epidemic
The Metavirus
The story, Lost
CHAPTER
TWO - THE HORROR OF THE TOTAL LIBRARY
‘My mind, Sir, is a garbage disposal’
Can It Be Done?
The Stickiness of the Database
Perec and the Confines of the Archive
Saving the Present
Documented Lives
The Glut of Information
The Library of Babel in Cyberspace
Information and Metaphor
CHAPTER
THREE – THE NEW HOME OF MIND
Recording Humans
The Forever Network
The Anti-Moravec
Restoring the Body of the Machine
Undocumented Persons
CHAPTER
FOUR – THE TRANSMISSION OF MEMORY
From Being Digital to Being Postmodern
Memoricide
Informatics, the Archive and the Holocaust
The Great Moon Hoax
Of Recovered, False, Post- and Prosthetic Memories
A New Breed of Cartesian Demons
Deconstructing Lilies
Do You See What I See?
Above all, this work benefited greatly from an ongoing conversation with
Brian Opie and Linda Hardy, and it was a conversation I was privileged to be
part of.
I am grateful for the generosity of the folks at rec.arts.sf.written,
it.cultura.fantascienza and it.cultura.libri, whose help with the initial
gathering of texts was invaluable. I am similarly indebted to the very many
friends who pitched in with suggestions and titles and plot summaries, but
since it would be impossible to name them all I am going to limit the shout out
to Marco Cultrera, who went above and beyond. Dougal McNeill, before he whisked
himself off to Australia, was always there to remind me that I am a
pre-post-Marxist, while Giacomo Lichtner was a great source of help and
encouragement. Joseph and Lucia put it all in context (‘what do you mean you
can’t play now?’). Finally, my thanks go to Victoria University, The JL Stewart
Scholarship fund and the Georgetti Scholarship fund for their very generous
financial support; and to Justine, for every other kind of support one could
possibly wish for.
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Filmography
2001: A Space Odyssey (Stanley Kubrick, 1968)
Blade Runner (Ridley Scott, 1982)
Blade Runner The Director’s Cut (Ridley Scott, 1991)
Brazil (Terry
Gilliam, 1985)
Cyhper (Vincenzo Natali, 2002)
Dark City (Alex Proyas, 1998)
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (Michel Gondry, 2004)
eXistenZ (David Cronenberg, 1999)
Impostor (Gary Fleder, 2002)
Johnny Mnemonic (Robert Longo, 1995)
Last Year at Marienbad (L’Année Dernière à Marienbad, Alain Resnais, 1961)
Memento (Christopher Nolan, 2000)
Minority Report (Steven Spielberg, 2002)
Natural Born Killers (Oliver Stone, 1994)
Paycheck (John Woo, 2003)
Paycheck (John Woo, 2003)
RoboCop (Paul Verhoeven, 1987)
Screamers (Christian Duguay, 1995)
Strange Days (Kathryn Bigelow, 1995)
That Obscure Object of Desire (Cet obscur objet du
désir, Luis Buñuel, 1977)
The Birth of a Nation (D.W. Griffith, 1915)
The Final Cut (Omar Naim, 2004)
The Forgotten (Joseph Ruben, 2004)
The Matrix (Larry and Andy Wachowski,
1999)
The Matrix Reloaded (Larry and
Andy Wachowski, 2003)
The Passion of the Christ (Mel Gibson, 2004)
Total Recall (Paul Verhoeven, 1990)
Tron (Steven Lisberger, 1984)
Vertigo (Alftred Hitchcock, 1958)
Wintersleepers (Winterschläfer, Tom
Tykwer, 1997)
Television
Shows
ER, ‘The Peace of Wild Things’ (1999), directed by Richard Thorpe.
Friends, ‘The One Where Phoebe Runs’ (1999), directed by
Gary Halvorson.
Copyright
(c) 2006-2008 Giovanni Tiso